Blast furnace tuyere



Patented Aug. 7, 1934 UNlTED STA TES" PATENT; OFFICE.

BLAST FURNACE TUYRE Application March 24, 1932, Serial No. %0,872 3 Claims. (CL 122-615) The invention relates to blast furnace tuyres and the like; and more particularly the invention' such tuyres are quickly destroyed when used in a blast furnace, because the molten metal in the furnace comes in contact with the tuyre nose and burns or wears through the thin nose wall. The cooling water then discharges into the furnace, causing a rapid temperature reducti'on and a consequent heat loss in the furnace hearth. A further heat loss occurs when the blast is shut ofi for replacing a burned-out or wom-out tuyre. These heat losses materially lower the Operating eiciency of the furnace.

Another type of tuyre includes an annular 'water jacket formed by double walls, and an annularly recessed nose filled with refractory material. However, the refractory material acts to insulatel rather than conduct the cooling effect of the circulating medium to the inner portions of the nose, with the result that the thin metal nose walls are quickly burned away due to the intense heat in the furnace, and the refractory metal soon disintegrates and sluffs away when the thin metal retaining walls have been burned away.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a blast furnace tuyre and the like having a solid metal nose projecting into the furnace.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a blast furnace tuyre and the like having that portion of its nose which projects toward the hottest portions of the furnace hearth formed of solid metal.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a one-piece metal blast furnace tuyre and the like with a nose, a considerable portion of which may be burned oil' during continued use without burning through to the tuyre cooling passages, to avoid the necessity of frequent shutdown forreplacing burned-out tuyres.

1+ is likewise an object of the present invention t provide a tuyre made of genuine copper so as to prevent the nose from crackng when subjected to the intense heat of the furnace during operation. -L

Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a tuyre which supplies a constant amount of air to the furnace even though a material portion of the nose may have burned away.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a one-piece all metal tuyre Construction, which when used in a blast furnace improves the furnace Operating eficiency because of the longevity of the tuyre, and of the elimination of heat losses and frequent shut-downs due to tuyre failures and replacements.

And finally, it an object of the present invention to provide a blast furnace tuyre construction having the aforesaid desired 'characteristics, which also has an extremely simple design that renders it readly cast from genuine copper. c

These and other objects may be obtained by the present improved constructions, a number of I embodiments of which' are hereinafter described in detail, which may be stated ingeneral terms as including in a one-piece 'cast-metal blast furnace tuyre and the like, a cooling jacket cavity formed by inner and outer annular preferably conical walls, an outer end wall and an inner nose wall, the nose 'wall or a portion thereof having a radial thickness greater than twice the thickness of one of the annular walls and preferably having an axial'length approximating or greater than its radial thickness, means for introducing and withdrawing cooling medium to and from the jacket cavity, and preferably means projecting from the nose wall into the jacket cavity for increasing the cooling effect of the cooling medium upon the nose wall.

several embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings in which:--

Fgure 1 is a fragmentary diagrammatic cross section through the lower end of a blast furnace equipped with the improved tuyre, and also equipped with a monkey constructed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an axial section' through a preferred form of improved tuyre;

Fig. 3 is an axial section ,through a modified form of improved tuyre;

Fig. 4 is an axial section through a still further modified form ot improved tuyre;

Fig. 5 is an axial section through a blast furnace monkey constructed in accordance with the present invention; and

Fig. 8 is an end elevation section of the tuyre shown in Fig. 2, taken on the line 6-6;

in Fig. 1, is mounted in the cooler 12 and the' overhang or nose 16 thereof projects into the furnace hearth 7. A blow pipe 17 fits closely within the tuyre and is connected by the tuyre stock 18 and the goose neck 19 with the bustle pipe 20,' which in turn is connected by a'hot blast main to the stoves, not shown.

A cinder cooler, an intermediate or monkey cooler, and a monkey are indicated at 21, 22 and 23, respectively, in Fig. 1.

The improved tuyre body 15 includes the outer annular wall 24, an inner annular wall25 spaced therefrom, each of the same being preferably conically tapered, an outer end or closure or cover wall 26 and the integral inner nose wall or overhang 16.. The walls 16, 24, 25 and 26 form an annular cooling jacket cavity or water circulationchamber 27, and a cooling medium, preferably water, may be circulated through the cavity 27 by the inlet pipes 28 and the outlet pipes 29. The outer annular wall 24 is preferably formed at -24a with an increased taper for wedge fitting within the cooling plate 12, and the water or cooling medium inlet and outlet openings or ports 30 and 31, respectively, are preferably formed in the outer end wall 26, to which the inlet and outlet pipes 28 and 29 are preferably connected.

The tuyre 15 is preferably cast from genuine copper, which has high heat conductivity, in one piece so that copious circulation of cooling medium through the jacket cavity 27 cannot cause the cooling medium to leak into the fumace hearth. A considerable portion of the metal from which the tuyre is formed is concentrated in the relatively long and massive nose wall or overhang 16 thereof so that a considerable portion of the nose may burn or wear away during furnace operation before the tuyre must be replaced.

It has been discovered, in accordance with the present invention, that if thenose wall has a radial thickness R materially greater than one inch and greater than twice the radial thickness of one of the annular walls 24 or 25 and that if the axial length L of the nose wall is one-inch or greater, or if it approximates or is greater than the radial thickness R thereof, the desiderata of the invention are attained.

By so proportioning the dimensions of the nose wall, the improved tuyre may be used a relatively long time before it must be replaced.

Moreover, the inner surface 34 of the nose wall is cylindrical so that a burning away of a portion ol' the nose wall does not change-the tuyre opening area. Accordingly, the depth of penetration of the'blast remains unchanged as the nose burns away.

An annular or approximately ring shaped, weblike element or fin 32 preferably projects or extends integrally inwardly from the tuyre body nose wall between and approximately parallel to the spaced annular walls 24 and 25 into the ad- Jacent portion of the 'jacket cavity 27 for materially increasing the amount of heat given up from or transfer of heat rrom the nose wall 16 to the cooling medium circulating through the cavity 27.

The tubular air blast passageway 33-34 in the tuyre 15 formed or defined by the inner wall 25 and nose wall 16, provides a nozle through which the blast is introduced from the blast pipe 17 into the furnace hearth 7.

In certain cases it may be desirable to reduce 4 the weight of the tuyre casting, and this may be accomplished by the modified form of improved tuyre Construction indicated generally at in Fig. 3. The tuyre body 115 includes the outer annular wall 124, an' inner annular Wall spaced threfrom, each of the same being preferably coni- 'cally tapered, an outer end or closure or cover wall 126 and an integral innernose wall or overhang 116. The walls 116, 124, 125 and 126 form an annular cooling jacket cavity or water circulation chamber 127, and a co'oling medium, preferably water, may be circulated through thecavity 127 by inlet and outlet pipes connected to the water or cooling medium inlet and outlet openings or ports 130 and 131, respectively. I

The outer annular wall 124 is preferably formed at 124a with an increased taper for wedge fitting within the blast furnace cooler 12; and the tubular air blast passageway 133 in the tuyr'e 115 is formed or defined by the inner wall 125 and the cylindrical inner surface 134 of the nose wall 116, to provide a nozzle through which the blast 'is introduced from the blast pipe 17 into the furnce hearth 7. An annular or approximately ring shaped, web-like element or fin 132 preferably projects or extends integrally inwardly from the tuyre body nose wall between and approximately parallel tothe spaced a'nnular walls 1,24

a and 125 into the adjacent portion of the jacket cavity 127 for materially increasing the amount of heat given up from ortransfer of heat from the nose wall 116 to the cooling medium circulating through the cavity 127.

A considerable portion of the metal from-which the tuyre is formed is concentrated in the relatively long and massive nose wall 116, which may' be provided with an annular channel 116a in order to reduce the weight of the one-piece tuyre casting made preferably from genuine copper which has high heat conductivity. However,` in accordance with the present invention, the nose wall 116 extending inward from the cavity 116a has a radial thickness R materially greater than twice the radial thickness of one of the annular walls 124 or 125, and the axial length L of the nose wall is one inch or more and preferably approximates or is greater than the radial thickness R thereof.

4 In some blast furnaces, there is a tendency for the tuyre nose to be burned away only at one portion thereof, which may be either an upper, or a lower, or a side portion. In such cases, the weight ot the tuyre casting may be reduced by utilizing the modified form of improved tuyre construction indicated generally at 215 in Fig. 4.

The tuyre body 215 includes the outer annular wall 224. an inner annular wall 225 spaced therefrom, each of the same being preferably conically The outer annular wall 224 is preferably formed at 224a with an increased taper for wedge fitting within the blast furnace cooler 12, and the tubular air blast passageway 233 in the tuyre 215 is formed or defined by the inner wall 225 and the cylindrical inner surface 234 of the nose wall 216, to provide a nozzle through which the blast is introduced from the blast pipe 17 into the furnace hearth 7. e\

A considerable portion of the metal from which the tuyre is formed is concentrated in the nose 216. In accordance With the present invention, a relatively long and massive solid metal portion 216a of the nose 216 has a radial thickness R materially greater than twice the radial thickness of one of the annular walls 224 or 225, and the axial length L of the nose portion 216a is one inch or more, or approximates or is greater than the radial thickness R thereof.

An annular fin 232 preferably projects or extends. integrally inwardly from the heavy nose portion 216& between and approximately parallel to the spaced annular walls 224 and 225 into the adjacent portion of the jacket cavity 227 for materially increasing the amount of heat given up from or transfer of heat from the nose portion 216a to the cooling medium circulating through the cavity 227.

When the tuyre 215 is installed in the blast furnace, the portion 21612 is presented toward that portion of the furnace hearth which causes destruction of the tuyre, so that a burning away of the-tuyre nose portion 216a will not require replacement of the tuyre.

An improved cinder notch monkey 23, shown in Figs. 1 and 5, may be constructed in accordance with the present invention by providing an outer annular wall 324, an inner annular wall 325 spaced therefrom, each of the same being preferably conically tapered, an outer end or closure or cover wall 326 and an integral inner nose or overhang 316. The walls 316, 324, 325 and 326 form an annular cooking jacket cavity or water` circulation chamber 327 and -a cooling medium, preferably water, may be circulated through the cavity 327 by inlet and outlet pipes connected to inlet and outlet openings or ports 330, two of which may be provided in the oset portion 32611 of the end wall 326.

The outer annular wall 324 is preferably formed at 324 with an increased taper for wedge fitting i within the monkey cooler 22, and the tubular passageway 333 in the monkey 23 is formed by the inner wall 325 and nose 316, to provide, for the reception of a cinder notch bott. An annular or approximately ring shaped, web-like element or fin 332 preferably projects or extends integrally inwardly from the nose wall between and approximately parallel to the spaced annular walls 324 and 325 into the adjacent portion of the jacket cavity 327 for materially increasing the amount of heat given up from or transfer of heat from the nose wall 316 to the cooling medium circulating through the cavity 327.

A considerable portion of the metal from which the monkey is formed, is concentrated in the relatively long and massive nose wall 316, and the monkey is preferably a one-piece genuine copper casting. However, in accordance with the present. invention, the monkey nose wall 316 has a radial thickness R materially greater than twice the radial thickness of one of the annular walls 4 324 or 325, and an axial length L of 'one inch or more, and preferably approximating or greater than the radial thickness R thereof.

Tuyres or monkeys and the like constructed in accordance with the present invention have relatively long lives and need not be replaced as frequently as the usual tuyres and monkeys ordinarily used. Accordingly, blast furnaces utilizing tuyres and the like constructed in accordance with the present invention can be operated with increased emciency.

1. In an all copper tuyre and the like, a cooling jacket providing a cavity formed 'by spaced inner and outer annular walls, an outer end wall and an inner nose wall having a heavy solid portion; the solid portion of the nose wall having a radial thickness greater than twice the thickness of' one of the annular walls and having an axial length greater than its radial thickness; means for introducing and withdrawing cooling medium to and from the jacket cavity; and a cooling fin spaced between the annular walls projecting into the cavity from the nose wall.

2. In an all-copper tuyre and the like, a cooling jacket providing a cavity formed by spaced inner and outer tubular walls, an outer end wall and an inner nose wall having' a heavy, solid, copper portion integral with the tubular walls; the solid portion of the nose wall 'having a thickness greater than twice the thickness of one of the tubular walls and having an axial length greater than its thickness; and means for introducing and withdrawing cooling medium to and from the jacket cavity.

3. In an all-copper tuyre and the like, a' cooling jacket providing a. cavity formed by spaced inner and outer tubular walls, an outer end wall, and an inner nose wall having a heavy, solid, copper portion integral with the tubular walls; any dimension of the solid nose wall being greater than twice the thickness of one of the tubular walls adjacent to the solid nose wall, and ma- 30 RIHARD C. BUTLER. 

